Reasonable operation and maintenance is the key to extending the service life of 2V  lead-acid batteries photovoltaic energy storage systems and ensuring power generation efficiency. Due to the special working conditions of photovoltaic energy storage, long-term shallow charge and discharge and intermittent operation easily lead to battery vulcanization and capacity decline. It is necessary to regularly detect the single-cell voltage and electrolyte state of the battery, clean the corrosion and stains on the wiring terminals in time to ensure stable conduction. Avoid storing batteries in full or depleted state for a long time. Standardized operation and maintenance can increase the battery cycle life by more than 30% and maximize the use value of photovoltaic energy storage systems.